Four polarizers are placed in succession with their axes vertical, at 30.0 ° to the vertical, at 60.0 ° to the vertical, and at 90.0 ° to the vertical. a) Calculate what fraction of the incident unpolarized light is transmitted by the four polarizers. b) Can the transmitted light be decreased by removing one of the polarizers? If so, which one? c) Can the transmitted light intensity be extinguished by removing polarizers? If so, which one(s)?

Calculate what fraction of the incident unpolarized light is transmitted by the four polarizers.
Can the transmitted light be decreased by removing one of the polarizers? If so, which one?
Can the transmitted light intensity be extinguished by removing polarizers? If so, which one(s)?

21.1%
remove the 2nd or 3rd polarizer
remove both the 2nd and 3rd polarizer, resulting in two crossed polarizers

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Four polarizers are placed in succession with their axes vertical, at 30.0∘30.0 ^\circ30.0∘ to the vertical, at 60.0∘60.0 ^\circ60.0∘ to the vertical, and at 90.0∘90.0 ^\circ90.0∘ to the vertical.

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Four polarizers are placed in succession with their axes vertical, at $30.0 ^\circ$ to the vertical, at $60.0 ^\circ$ to the vertical, and at $90.0 ^\circ$ to the vertical.